{"id":749,"date":"2026-07-19T18:03:28","date_gmt":"2026-07-19T11:03:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vhfs.com.vn\/?post_type=nghien_cuu&p=749"},"modified":"2026-07-19T18:03:28","modified_gmt":"2026-07-19T11:03:28","slug":"dieu-chinh-loi-song-sau-dot-mat-bu-cap-cua-suy-tim","status":"publish","type":"nghien_cuu","link":"https:\/\/vhfs.com.vn\/en\/nghien_cuu\/dieu-chinh-loi-song-sau-dot-mat-bu-cap-cua-suy-tim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110I\u1ec0U CH\u1ec8NH L\u1ed0I S\u1ed0NG SAU \u0110\u1ee2T M\u1ea4T B\u00d9 C\u1ea4P C\u1ee6A SUY TIM"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110I\u1ec0U CH\u1ec8NH L\u1ed0I S\u1ed0NG SAU \u0110\u1ee2T M\u1ea4T B\u00d9 C\u1ea4P C\u1ee6A SUY TIM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

BSCKI. Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2m Th\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

Khoa N\u1ed9i Tim m\u1ea1ch, B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ch\u1ee3 R\u1eaby<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I. M\u1ede \u0110\u1ea6U<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Suy tim l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p x\u1ea3y ra khi tim kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u01a1m m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u oxy v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p khi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng nhanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, ph\u00f9 chi d\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u1ee3t c\u1ea5p, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y, kho\u1ea3ng 25% s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau khi xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do ch\u01b0a tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao t\u1eed vong v\u00e0 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n trong v\u00f2ng 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u sau xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n, nguy c\u01a1 n\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t sao sau xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a suy tim \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 II. \u0110I\u1ec0U CH\u1ec8NH L\u1ed0I S\u1ed0NG SAU \u0110\u1ee2T M\u1ea4T B\u00d9 C\u1ea4P C\u1ee6A SUY TIM \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Sau khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa, nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i \u1ee9 tr\u1ec7 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng: b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf natri, gi\u1ea3m mu\u1ed1i trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u1ee9 d\u1ecbch, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00f9 ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 th\u1edf.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh (nh\u01b0 \u0111i b\u1ed9 ng\u1eafn, t\u1eadp th\u1edf) n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, t\u00f9y theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c, nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ngo\u1ea1i vi, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i khoa.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Theo d\u00f5i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 c\u00e2n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u g\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u00e1i m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf t\u0103ng, ph\u00f9 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi dai d\u1eb3ng. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tinh th\u1ea7n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng. L\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng khoa h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m lo \u00e2u, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c vaccin theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u00fap ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n, h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p chi ph\u00ed y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a suy tim l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an t\u00e2m cho c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

III. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n
    \n
  1. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng: Gi\u1ea3m mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim. H\u1ea5p thu qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1i, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 natri g\u00e2y gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng huy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9ng cho tim. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf. C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1ee9c natri d\u01b0\u1edbi 1500\u20132000 mg\/ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim n\u1eb7ng. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t th\u00eca c\u00e0 ph\u00ea mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 2300\u20132400 mg natri.<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    H\u00ecnh 1.<\/strong> C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ngu\u1ed3n natri ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u1eb5n nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n nhanh, \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ed9p, d\u01b0a mu\u1ed1i, m\u1eafm, m\u00ec g\u00f3i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean n\u1ea5u \u0103n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gia v\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c, ti\u00eau, chanh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n nh\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0 M\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n, natri th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb mg, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a d\u01b0\u1edbi 120 mg natri\/100 g (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u00edt natri). Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng natri h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb suy tim hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0 Song song v\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf mu\u1ed1i, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 400g rau qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, \u01b0u ti\u00ean rau l\u00e1 xanh \u0111\u1eadm, c\u00e0 chua, c\u00e0 r\u1ed1t, b\u00ed \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu.
    \n\u0110\u1ea1m d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau nh\u01b0 c\u00e1, th\u1ecbt n\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1eadu ph\u1ee5 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, trong khi m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o b\u00e3o h\u00f2a n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u0111\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111a, nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u \u00f4liu, d\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0 V\u1ec1 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, c\u1ea7n c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a theo t\u1eebng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. V\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1, n\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p suy tim do r\u01b0\u1ee3u (b\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 tim do r\u01b0\u1ee3u), y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ng\u1eebng r\u01b0\u1ee3u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0 M\u1eafc suy tim kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i,
      \nho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111i b\u1ed9
      \n30 ph\u00fat\/ng\u00e0y, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 ng\u00e0y\/tu\u1ea7n, ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn yoga, th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh t\u00f9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. C\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng. N\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 th\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, cho\u00e1ng v\u00e1ng, n\u00ean d\u1eebng t\u1eadp ngay v\u00e0 b\u00e1o cho b\u00e1c s\u0129. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y khoa.<\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      H\u00ecnh 2.<\/strong> Duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u1eeba s\u1ee9c tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim<\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tim m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tim, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady,
      \nb\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n tham gia ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tim sau m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t c\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao trong ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ee9 d\u1ecbch. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, sau khi \u0111i v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eefa \u0103n, ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh theo th\u1eddi gian. T\u0103ng c\u00e2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean
        \n2\u20133 kg trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ee3i \u00fd gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n suy tim, khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u00a0 B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 n\u0103ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f3 th\u1edf t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n, ph\u00f9 ch\u00e2n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean ng\u1eebng c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c, ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, v\u00e0 s\u1edbm t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u1eed tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

        \"\"<\/p>\n

        H\u00ecnh 3.<\/strong>\u00a0Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. T<\/strong>u\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/strong> tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n:<\/strong> Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u00a0\u00a0 Thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb suy tim kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, b\u1ecf s\u00f3t li\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n theo \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb suy tim th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 ri\u00eang. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t: ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd, \u0111\u00fang li\u1ec1u theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u00fd ng\u01b0ng thu\u1ed1c ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c, t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m \u0111\u00fang h\u1eb9n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 gi\u00fap k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u1ec1u, b\u1ed5 sung ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i thu\u1ed1c theo t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n sau xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m b\u1ecf t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n xem t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, song h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng: Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            H\u00ecnh 4:<\/strong> C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim<\/p>\n

            \u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0o s\u1ed5 tay. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

              \n
            • C\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng: Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng c\u00e2n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
            • N\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u: Theo d\u00f5i s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
            • Huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp tim: \u0110o th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
            • C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 n\u0103ng: Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, ho, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, ph\u00f9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \"\"<\/p>\n

              H\u00ecnh 5. <\/strong>K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Cai thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u1eebng h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tim m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c b\u1ecf thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c cai thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0 H\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 g\u00e2y t\u0103ng nh\u1ecbp tim, t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m cung c\u1ea5p oxy cho m\u00f4, l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho c\u01a1 tim v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 suy y\u1ebfu. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, bao g\u1ed3m thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ebfu, x\u00ec g\u00e0, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 cu\u1ed1n tay, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 t\u1ea9m h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vaping.<\/p>\n

                \u00a0\u00a0 Cai thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cai thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf nicotine ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cai thu\u1ed1c theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf thu\u1ed1c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

                \"\"<\/p>\n

                H\u00ecnh 6:<\/strong> B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy tim<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c tinh th\u1ea7n: Gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  \u00a0\u00a0 C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nh\u1ecbp tim, huy\u1ebft \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y th\u00eam g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho tim. \u1ede b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

                  \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp th\u1edf s\u00e2u, thi\u1ec1n, yoga nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i b\u1ed9 ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi. Tham gia c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, v\u00ec chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p lo \u00e2u, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c stress k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 ho\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean gia t\u00e2m l\u00fd l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    \u00a0 \u00a0Ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u2013 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng c\u00fam \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 ti\u00eam v\u1eafc xin ph\u1ebf c\u1ea7u theo l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c v\u1eafc xin kh\u00e1c theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan y t\u1ebf, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eafc xin COVID-19 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eafc xin ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c khi th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim.<\/p>\n

                    K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

                    \u00a0\u00a0 Sau m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng, n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i bao g\u1ed3m: ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf natri, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, theo d\u00f5i c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, duy tr\u00ec gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 y t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ea5t b\u00f9 c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n suy tim.<\/p>\n

                    T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Hollenberg SM, Stevenson LW, Ahmad T, et al. 2024 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on clinical assessment, management, and trajectory of patients hospitalized with heart failure: focused update: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol.<\/em>2024;84(13):1241-67.<\/li>\n
                    2. Mullens W, Damman K, Dhont S, et al. Dietary sodium and fluid intake in heart failure: a clinical consensus statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail.<\/em> 2024;26(4):730-41.<\/li>\n
                    3. H\u1ed9i Tim m\u1ea1ch h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb suy tim: c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt 2024.<\/li>\n
                    4. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2023 focused update of the 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J.<\/em> 2023;44(37):3627-39.<\/li>\n
                    5. Kitai T, Kohsaka S, Kato T, et al; Japanese Circulation Society and the Japanese Heart Failure Society Joint Working Group. JCS\/JHFS 2025 guideline on diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. Circ J.<\/em>2025;89(8):1278-1444.<\/li>\n
                    6. Molloy C, Long L, Mordi IR, Bridges C, Sagar VA, Davies EJ, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for adults with heart failure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.<\/em> 2024;3:CD003331.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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